Carburetor



April 28, 193 v.- SCHOBBENS GARBURETOR Filed Aug. 26, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet April 28, 1931. v SCHOBBENS 1,802,841

CARBURETOR Filed Aug. 26, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Apr. 28, 1931" PATENT OFFICE VINCENT SCHOBBENS, OF BELGIUM Application filed August 26, 1927, Serial No. 215,698, and in Belgium August 26, 1926.

Applications for patent have been madein the followingcountries: Belgium, August 26th, 1926; Belgium, December 21st, 1926 Belgium, January 14th, 1927; France, Sep

, tember 6th, 1926; Germany, September 8t 1926; Belgian Congo, March 7th, 1927.

This invention; relates to improvements in carburetors, the object being to provide an improved carburetor, adapted to supply an explosive mixture to internal-combustion engines particularly. automobile-engines, comprising either a mixture of combustion gas with air or of liquid fuel with air.-

In order to produce the desired results, use

is made of a principal body, of an admission chamber for the combustion gas under pres-' sure,

chamber. Moreover, the apparatus comprises a slowspeed spray-nozzle both for gas and liquid fuel, and a main spray-nozzle, comprising a nozzlefor the gas and a spray-nozzle for the liquid fuel. Means are provided whereby to establish communication of the slow-running or spray-nozzle alternatively with the combustion-gas admission chamber or with the floatchamber of the liquid fuel. Other means are provided for the same purpose for the main nozzle. Moreover, means are provided whereby to control the output of the spraynozzles and to establish an automatic and controllable air supply, proportional to the output of the said spray-nozzles; and, means are also provided to produce an automatic shutting of the combustion-gas inlet to the main spray-nozzle when the engine is stopped. A practical embodiment of the invention is represented in the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the views.

Figure 1 is apartially sectional elevation view, looking in the direction of-the arrows 1-1 of Fig. 2, the various elements being shown in full gas supply position, and the.

apparatus being arranged to utilize one or the other of the above-mentioned fuels.

Fig. 2 is a partially-sectional end view, looking in{.the direction of the arrows 22 of Fig. 1. 4 -Re erring to the drawings the apparatus is composed of a main body 3, having an at- 5 tachment flange 4, a throttle valve 5 is 10- cated'in the tubular part of the main body. A slow-running device is arranged between "the throttle-valve and the admission pipe to v the cylinders, which device comprises a w spray-nozzle 6 provided with a control-needle 6", the said nozzle having orifices 7 for fuel admission, and communicating with an annular groove 7. Thenozzle 6 is screwed into a supporting socket 8 connected to the 5 main body and provided with an aperture 9 of a float-chamber for the liquid-fuel for the fuel passage. supply, and of an atmospheric air intake A sleeve 10, fixed by means of a nut 10', surrounds the socket 8', and has a pipe connection 11 which is provided with a threeway valve 12. The sleeve has a transverse I passage 13 communicating with the annular groove .7 of the nozzle 6. The socket 8 is connected to the main body by a coupling 14 which has air intake side apertures 15, the

passage-section of. which is controllable by means of a ring 16 provided with apertures. 17, corresponding to the orifices 15. T

Above the spray nozzle 6 is located ashut-. tlng device 18, comprising a rubber-patch 19 a0 and presenting lateral orifices 20' for the passage of the gas. Moreover a diflusin cap 21 having lateral orifices 22'is arranged tween the shutting device 18 and the inlet conduit to the motor. v

A stem 23-subdued to the action'of a spring I 24 in a housing 25,.bears downwardly against the shutting device 18. The upper extremity of the stem is guided in the housing25, while its lower extremity is guided by an opening in the spray-cap'21.-

In the main body 3 and in advance of the throttle 5 is arranged the main supply device, comprising a nozzle 26 surrounding a nozzle 27 for the liquid fuel. g

The main nozzle 27 communicates at its base with a pipe 28 (Fig. 2) united with the float-chamber 29 for the liquid fuel, the latter communicating with the slow-running 10onozzle 6 through a pipe 30 issuing into the three-way valve 12.

The pipe 26 and the nozzle 27 may be closed by an obturator 31 subdued to the action of a spring 32. A stem 33 carrying the obturator 31, is provided at its upper part with a head 34 actuated by a cam 35, mounted on an arm 36 which is secured to axle 5 of the throttle 5.

On the extremity of the main body 3 a chamber 37 is arranged, having an opening 38 communicating with the atmosphere and provided with a closing flap 39 united with an arm 41 which is secured to an oscillating axle 42 by means of a cable 43 which is guided on a pulley 44.

An admission chamber 45 for the gas under pressure communicates with the main and.

slow-running nozzles respectivel through the conduits 46 and 47. This cham er 45 is provided with an admission orifice 48 which may be completely or partially closed by means of a closing device 49, operable by ahandle (not shown) or the like.

In the interior of the chamber 45 is located a diaphragm 51, in the center of which is mounted a stop 52, against which a stem 53 abuts. Said stem slides in a guide 54, mounted on the cover 55, the osition of the stem on the cover being varia 1e. The upper end of the stem 53 is in contact with a cranked lever 56, subdued to the displacements of a finger 57, located on the extremity of the shaft 42 and eccentric to the latter.

The stop 52 is also in contact with the lever 58, articulated at 59 and provided with a lateral finger 60. Said finger bears against a pin 61 of a piston 62, which is movable in the guide 63 and is subdued to the action of a resisting spring 64, the said piston moving in the axial direction of the orifice 65 of the gas-outlet to the conduit 46 and the nozzle 26.

When combustion gas under pressure is utilized, the operation of the apparatus is as follows.

The engine bein stopped, the three-way cook 12 is put in t 1e position shown in the drawings, so as to connect the slow-running nozzle 6 with the gas-admission chamber 45. The gas being not yet admitted to the latter, the piston 62, under the stress of the spring 64, is displaced axially and closes the orifice 65, connectin with the main spray-nozzle 26. In this isplacement of the piston 62 the diaphragm 51 is lifted, and hence the closing flap 39 is brought to the position, in which it closes the window 38, by means of the action of the stem 53 of the lever 56, of the finger 57 and of the arm 41, on the shaft 42. I

After the opening of the tank located on the vehicle and containing the combustion gas, the closing device 49 is removed so as to' allow the admission of gas to the chamber 45 through the aperture 48. From the chamber 45 the combustion-gas may freely come to the slow-running nozzle 6, passing through the conduit 47 and the three-way cook 12. The motor, being now set in motion creates an under-pressure, behind the throttle 5, which" will cause, by lifting the stem 23 against the pressure of the spring 24, the lifting of the closing device 18, the rubber patch 19 of which will open the nozzle 6,

which will allow the combustion-gas, issuing from this spray-nozzle, and already mixed with air, admitted through the apertures 15 to flow into the aspiration piping of the motor through the apertures 20 of the said closing device, and through the apertures 22 of the cap 21.

When, by means of the gas-controlling device, the throttle 5 is acted upon in order to produce acceleration of the motor, the rotary movement, applied for this purpose to the handle 66 will displace also the cam 35 mounted on the arm 36, fixed 'on the axle 5', of the throttle 5. In its displacement the cam 35 will correspondingly lift the head 34, as well as the closing device 31 against the action of the spring 32, and the issue of the main spray-nozzle 26 will be thus opened more or less, following the angular displacement of the arm 36.

The throttle 5 being rotated at a certai n angle, the vacuum will be produced also before the same as well as in the compartment 37, closed by the flap 39. The latter, under the influence of the aspiration will be displaced to the interior and will open the window 38 in order to aspire the atmospheric air correspondingly to the degree of the opening of the throttle 5.

Because of its movement the shutting flap 39 will draw the cable 43 fixed to the end of the arm 41, which will shift the shaft 42 and the finger 57 eccentrically mounted on thus lowered and will lean on the cranked lever 56 in order to lower the stem 53 and consequently to lower the stop 52 on the diaphragm 51. In its lowering movement the stop 52, which is in contact with the lever 58, lowers the latter, which by means of its lateral finger 60 axially displaces the piston 62 by means of the pin 61, in order to open the orifice 65 of the gas passage to the main nozzle 26. It is obvious that under these conditions, during the running of the motor, the output of the combustion-gas through the nozzle 26 and the atmospheric air admission through the opening 38 will be proportional to the degree of opening of the throttle 5.

When the engine is stopped, all vacuum production ceasing in the body of the carburetor and in the chamber of aspiration of air 37, the closing flap 39' will be drawn to the position required toclose the opening 38, by the spring 64 in the gas admission chamber 45, inversely to what occurs when the motor is set in motion, the said spring 64 pushing back the piston 62 to the position for closing of the aperture 65. In the same way the closing device 18, under the action of the ressure, acting upon the stem 23 by the spring 24 will be driven back'to the posi tion for closing the slow-running nozzle 61 In this closing position of the closing device 18 the apertures 15 and the orifices 20 are complete y closed.

When the apparatus is to be run with liquid fuel, the aperture 48 is carefully closedby means of the plug 49 and the three-Way valve is put in the position, required to establish communication between the slow running nozzle 6 and the float chamber 29.

The liquid fuel after being admitted into the float-chamber 29, reaches the main spray 27 by way of the conduit 28 and reaches the slow-running nozzle through the three-way valve 12. The motor being not'yet set in motion the two nozzles are covered by the shutting devices 18 and 31 respectively.

When the engine is set in motion the closing device 18 is lifted as before in order to allow the aseous mixture formed by the liquid fuel om the nozzle 6 and by the air,

admitted through the apertures 15, to get,

access to the intake piping of the engine.

The next operation of the handle 66' in order to actuate the throttle 5 will cause the displacement of the cam 35 which is fast with the arm .36 and will lift the plug 31 which uncovers the outflow orifice of the nozzle 27. The movement of the throttle 5 will produce the same action as before to draw the closing flap 39 and to allow intake of the atmospheric air in appropriate quantity, so as to produce a good mixture of the liquid fuel, flowing out of the nozzle 2'1.

If no further utilization of liquid fuel is desired, the access of the same to the floatchamber 29 is closed, and the three-way valve is again put in the position required for the use of the combustiomgas. Moreover, existing means-permit the emptying of the floatehamber 29 inorder to avoid all undesired mixing of the liquid fuel, which might remain eventually with the combustion-gas.

What I claim is I 1. In a carburetor adapted to use'alternate'ly liquid fuel and combustion gas under pressure for preparing an explosive mixture,

in combination a main hollow body, a throttle in said body, a slow running spray nozzle, means to automatically regulate the output from said nozzle, a main nozzle for supplying combustion gas or liquid fuel respectively, means to automatically control the out ut of said main nozzle in proportion to the egree ofo ening of the throttle, an atmosphenc a 1r int e chamber in communication with said hollow body, means to automatically control 55 the air intake to said intake chamber, an adincluding a bell shaped obturator at the discharge end of said nozzle and in said chamber and provided with mixed gas outlet apertures, and yieldable means active to nor 'mally close said obturator and to permit the opening thereof by the suction of the engine.

3. A carburetor as claimed in claim 1, in which the said means forautomatically controlling the output of said main nozzle inelude a spring active to normally close said main nozzle and means with which the throb tle valve and the obturatot are provided to causesaid'obturator to be moved to open position correspondingly with the opening of such valve to such position.

'4. A carburetor as claimed in claim 1, in which the means for automatically controlling the air intake into theair intake chamber comprise an opening and a closure for said opening, said closure being arranged to be moved to open position by the suction of the engine and also including means to regulate the intake of gas by the combustion gas chamber and means actuated by said air 1ntake valve to cause the same to also actuate the means for controlling the intake of gas by the combustion gas chamber.

5. A carburetor as claimed in claim- 1, in which the air intake chamber is provided with an opening and a closure for said opening, said closure being 0 erated by the suction of the engineand t e displacement of the closure being effective in actuating the means for controlling the intake of gas to the expansion gas chamber, said means com using gas pressure actuated means in sa1 expansion gas chamber, a lever to move said gas pressure actuatedelement against the ressure of as in said ex ansion gas chamer, a rock s aft connecte to said air intake controlling valve and a finger movable by said shaft and arran ed to actuate said lever.

In witness whereo I afiix my signature. VINCENT SOHO BENS. 

